2014/10/01

Catnip: Why Cats Go Crazy For It? 猫咪为何会对猫草如此着迷



You find your cat rolling and twisting on the floor, rubbing his face against it, and drooling everywhere. Right away you know—he's been in the catnip.

What is catnip, anyway?

Catnip is a member of the mint family, which has about 250 species. The essential oil in catnip, nepetalactone, has a powerful effect on cats who are sensitive to it, turning even the most sedentary couch potato into a flipped-out ball of ecstasy.

Smelling vs. eating

The most intense catnip experience is an olfactory one—your cat smells the herb and promptly goes nuts. Researchers aren't sure what the neurological explanation is, but it's thought that catnip mimics feline "happy" pheromones and stimulates the receptors in the brain that respond to those pheromones. When eaten, however, catnip seems to have the opposite effect: the cat may become very mellow.
Most cats react to catnip by rolling, flipping, rubbing, and eventually zoning out. They may meow or growl at the same time. Other cats become hyperactive, running around like their tails are on fire, and some get downright aggressive, especially if you approach them. They must protect their toys!
Usually these sessions last about 10 minutes, after which your cat loses interest. It may take as long as two hours for him to "reset" and become susceptible to catnip again.
An estimated 50 percent of cats don't respond to catnip; it's an inherited sensitivity.

Not for everyone

Not all cats fall for catnip. It's an inherited sensitivity, and if your cat didn't get that gene, he simply won't care about catnip. An estimated 50 percent of cats don't respond. The trait doesn't emerge until a cat is between three and six months old; until then, a kitten will not have a response.

For humans, too

Catnip is not just for cats. It's been grown in medicinal gardens for centuries for its sedative effect on humans. Made into a tea, catnip has calming properties similar to chamomile. Concentrated nepetalactone is also an excellent mosquito repellent, 10 times more powerful than DEET, the most widely used chemical repellent. The only hitch is that it only lasts a few hours.

Keepin' it fresh

Catnip does lose its potency over time, so to keep yours fresh for you or your cat, store it in the freezer in an airtight container or bag.

(article source and copyright belongs to: http://www.humanesociety.org/animals/cats/tips/catnip.html)

不知道你对猫草(Catnips)了解有多少?是已经有了一定的认识,还是对这种东东毫不知情?不管怎麽样,猫草已在过去三千五百多年有猫的    历史上,使地球上任何一个角落的大部分猫咪闻之疯狂。
对猫咪百分百钟情的古埃及,也有关于猫草的许多传说:那个时候,人们常常见到尊贵的猫咪们放弃所有尊严,什麽也不顾地在这些神奇的草本植物中打滚儿。现代的美国,猫儿每年享用猫草的数量竟超过3000吨!

“猫草反应”与遗传有关
说“猫草”之前,先说说一些有趣的事情:原来,不是所有的猫咪都对这些“猫草”有明显和激烈的反应。
有专家认为,约20的猫咪对“猫草”是没有反应的,这种情况与遗传有很大的关系,一般来说,有反应的猫咪的父母,都有相同反应。    
而且,这种反应是与性别有关的,雄猫的反应会比雌猫的多;生殖系统未发育完全的幼猫是会欠缺反应的。


猫科动物的共通性
当你看到自己家里的猫咪对“猫草”有强烈的爱好时,其实也可想像一下它的近亲,比如原野上的狮子、老虎、豹、山猫等等猫科动物,也有共通的地方,它们也同样对“猫草”如痴如醉。
它们会用面颊不停地摩擦“猫草”,也会很滑稽又忘形地在地上滚,发出咕咕噜噜的亢奋叫声,什麽尊严什麽性格也不顾了。从猫科动物这种共通性,可以再进一步相信这种反应实与遗传有关。

猫草里的玄妙
那究竟猫草里有着什麽,会令猫咪如此陶醉?
原来,在猫草里有一种天然植物的化学物质,称为Nepetalactone,属油性,可以很容易地释放出来,使猫咪兴奋得难以抵挡。这一物质类似一种人类 的镇静剂(用作抑制神经系统内一种有刺激性作用的氨基酸所产生的效果),但并非属同一种物质,对人类来说则不会像猫儿般兴奋得跌跌撞撞,相反,倒是可以起 到松弛神经和促进睡眠的作用,真的非常奇妙。

你可以为猫咪准备兴奋的“猫草”派对
一如人类使用的安眠药又或是一些止痛剂等药物,持久使用便会令药力减退,所以,猫草的使用量和次数是值得注意的。
假如让猫咪们过度接触猫草,那会使它们很快失去兴趣,它们对猫草那种欢喜若狂的反应是非常容易消失的。
所以,让猫儿来一次兴奋派对之前,要悉心地准备用量和贮存猫草,尽量令它们接触到适可而止的猫草分量。譬如每次应以较少的分量供给它们,若是一件猫草玩具 的话,在它们玩够了的时候,就收起放进密封的盒子里或冰箱里,以保持新鲜。一般而言,每2至3个星期让猫儿享受一下猫草已足够。

为了使它们更尽情更奔放地享用,可把家里的电视关掉,集中精神。若你拥有一只以上的猫咪,要留意猫草或猫草玩具是否足够它们享用。由于猫草实在太吸引,猫咪都不愿与其它同伴分享的,为避免发生打斗,做主人的,要为它们好好分配。

人猫可以共享猫草吗?
外国有专家指出,猫草虽对人没有亢奋的作用,但泡做茶却能对胃痛、头痛、经痛等症状有治疗作用,甚至,相信一杯猫草茶能令人安神、睡眠饱满和令过度活跃的小孩安定下来,究竟是否如此灵验,那要试过才知道。
但也有人对猫草极为敏感,可能会出现过敏症状,真想试试的话,第一次要少量尝试,如若出现过敏反应便要请教医生了。

哪里去找猫草?
现在,在很多宠物店都能找到碎猫草或猫草玩具,价钱一般较贵。
选买猫草用品时,建议检查包装是否完好密封,若是包装开封或损坏了,可能使猫草的药力减退,猫咪对之的反应也会大大削弱,甚至很难产生反应。
此外,猫草的品质也有区别,像很多植物性质的食物、药物一样,土壤的特性、素质、培植的气候和制干的方法都会直接影响猫草的品质,猫咪会对不同猫草有不同的反应。

猫草玩具与碎猫草相比哪种更好些
对猫咪来说,产生的效果是一样的,猫咪都会同样喜欢,但猫草玩具将猫草包含在玩具当中,不会被猫弄得到处都是,而猫咪也不会不由分说地将猫草疯狂地吃进口中,保证家庭和猫咪的清洁卫生。


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